{"id":884,"date":"2021-05-24T13:07:51","date_gmt":"2021-05-24T05:07:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/104.es\/?p=884"},"modified":"2021-05-24T13:07:51","modified_gmt":"2021-05-24T05:07:51","slug":"mqtt-python-nodemcu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/104.es\/index.php\/2021\/05\/24\/mqtt-python-nodemcu\/","title":{"rendered":"MQTT\u8a0a\u606f\u50b3\u905e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5728\u7269\u806f\u7db2\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u611f\u61c9\u5230\u7684\u611f\u6e2c\u5668\u6578\u503c\u50b3\u56de\u5f8c\u53f0\u5132\u5b58\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u8cc7\u6599\u5132\u5b58\u5728\u958b\u767c\u677f\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u6a94\u6848\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u85cd\u7259\u6216WiFi\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u50b3\u905e\u5230\u7db2\u7ad9\u6216\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e0a\u3002\u50b3\u905e\u8cc7\u6599\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\u4e2d\uff0cMQTT\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MQTT\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4f7f\u7528Publish\/Subscribe\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u50b3\u905e\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u904b\u884c\u4e2d\u7684MQTT Server\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u9023\u7dda\u5230\u6b64\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u767c\u4f48\uff08Publish\uff09\u6216\u662f\u8a02\u95b1\uff08Subscribe\uff09\u67d0\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\uff08Topic\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u5373\u53ef\u5728\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5c0d\u65b9\u7bc0\u9ede\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u9001\u51fa\u8cc7\u6599\u6216\u662f\u53d6\u5f97\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u5c0d\u65bcMQTT\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MQTT<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u8b1b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230\uff08\u6216\u81ea\u5df1\u5b89\u88dd\uff09\u4e00\u53f0MQTT\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u611f\u6e2c\u6216\u8655\u7406\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u5920\u900f\u904e\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u6b64\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u6703\u5e6b\u6211\u5011\u8f49\u9001\u8cc7\u6599\u5230\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u514d\u8cbb\u7684MQTT\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6700\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u662fMosquitto\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/mosquitto.org\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4efb\u4f55\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u5747\u53ef\u652f\u63f4Mosquitto\u7684\u5b89\u88dd\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u9084\u662f\u88ab\u5b89\u88dd\u5728\u6a39\u8393\u6d3e\u4e0a\u3002\u5404\u500b\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5118\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u500b\u9801\u9762\u6709\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/mosquitto.org\/download\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5Ubuntu Linux\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u9700\u57f7\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u6307\u4ee4\u9032\u884c\u5b89\u88dd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:mosquitto-dev\/mosquitto-ppa\nsudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get upgrade\nsudo apt-get install mosquitto, mosquitto-clients<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5b89\u88dd\u5b8c\u7562\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6aa2\u67e5\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u904b\u884c\u72c0\u614b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
service mosquitto status<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u6b64\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u5176\u5b83IP\u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u9032\u884c\u9023\u7dda\uff0c\u9084\u9700\u8981\u958b\u555f\u8a2d\u5b9a\u6a94\uff08\/etc\/mosquitto\/mosquitto.conf\uff09\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90192\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
listener 1883\nallow_anonymous true<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u57f7\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u91cd\u65b0\u555f\u52d5\u670d\u52d9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
service mosquitto restart<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u88dd\u53ca\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7bc0\u9ede\u4e4b\u9593\u5982\u9700\u8981\u9032\u884c\u50b3\u905e\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u6e2c\u8a66\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5148\u524d\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u7a0b\u5f0fmosquitto_pub\u53camosquitto_sub\uff0c\u8acb\u958b\u555f2\u500b\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u7aef\u7d42\u6a5f\u5148\u57f7\u884cmosquitto_sub\uff0c\u8a02\u95b1\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684Topic\uff08\u5728\u6b64\u4f8b\u70baskynettw\/test\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u7136\u5f8c\u5373\u53ef\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u4e2d\u4ee5mosquitto_pub\u767c\u4f48\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u7269\u806f\u7db2\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u9084\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f86\u50b3\u9001\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dpaho_mosquitto\u5373\u70baPython\u4e2d\u6700\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684MQTT\u6a21\u7d44\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5b89\u88dd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pip install paho-mqtt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u5373\u70ba\u50b3\u905e\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt\nimport random, json, datetime, time\n\nclient = mqtt.Client()\nclient.connect(\"*.*.*.*\", 1883, 60)\ndate_format = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'\n\nfor i in range(3):\n    data = random.randint(0,100)\n    date = datetime.datetime.now().strftime(date_format)\n    payload = {'Data':data, 'Time':date}\n    client.publish(\"skynettw\/test\", json.dumps(payload))\n    time.sleep(1)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
 \u4e0a\u9762\u9019\u500b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u57f7\u884c\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5373\u6703\u5c0dskynettw\/test\u9019\u500bTopic\u767c\u4f483\u7b46\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5230\u65bc\u5728NodeMCU\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88dd\u4efb\u4f55\u6a21\u7d44\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f4\u63a5\u767c\u4f48MQTT\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u4e0b\u5217\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\u627e\u4e0d\u5230umqtt\u6a21\u7d44\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fNodeMCU 32S \uff08ESP32\uff09\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u4ee5\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u5728Mu Editor\u7684REPL\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u662f\u4ee5PuTTY\u9023\u7dda\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\u9054\u6307\u4ee4\uff09\u5b89\u88ddumqtt\u6a21\u7d44\uff08\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u300c>>>\u300d\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u5b57\u5143\uff0c\u8acb\u52ff\u8f38\u5165\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
>>> import upip\n>>> upip.install(\"micropython-umqtt.simple\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5b89\u88dd\u5b8c\u7562\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5728Mu Editor\u7684REPL\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u57f7\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u628a\u4e0b\u5217\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u547d\u540d\u70bamain.py\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u653e\u5230NodeMCU\u4e0a\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u555f\u52d5\u5373\u53ef\u57f7\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
from umqtt.simple import MQTTClient\nimport time, random, network\n\nwlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)\nwlan.active(True)\nwlan.connect('SSID', 'password')\nwhile not wlan.status() != 5 :\n    pass\n    \ndef m(t, h):\n    c = MQTTClient(\"umqtt_client\", \"*.*.*.*\")\n    c.connect()\n    c.publish(b\"skynettw\/test\", b\"{},{}%\".format(t, h))\n    c.disconnect()\n    \nfor i in range(10):\n    t = random.getrandbits(4)\n    h = random.getrandbits(4)\n    m(t, h)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5229\u7528ESP32\u6bcf\u79d2\u9418\u50b3\u905e\u4e00\u6b21\u4eae\u5ea6\u6578\u503c\u7d66MQTT\u7684Publisher\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
from umqtt.simple import MQTTClient\nimport time, network\nfrom machine import ADC, Pin\n\nled = Pin(2, Pin.OUT)\nled.off()\nwlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)\nwlan.active(True)\nwlan.connect('SSID', '****')\nwhile not wlan.status() != 5 :\n    pass\nled.on()\nadc = ADC(Pin(36))\nc = MQTTClient(\"umqtt_client\", \"*.*.*.*\")\ndef m(s):\n    c.connect()\n    c.publish(b\"minhuang\/test\", b\"light is {}\".format(s))\n    c.disconnect()\n\nwhile True:\n    s = adc.read()\n    m(s)\n    time.sleep(1)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u90a3\u9ebc\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Python\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4f86\u63a5\u6536MQTT\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5462\uff1f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u793a\u7bc4\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff08\u5728PC\u7684Python\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt\n\ndef on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):\n    print(\"Result Code:\"+str(rc))\n    client.subscribe(\"skynettw\/test\")\n\ndef on_message(client, userdata, msg):\n    print(msg.topic+\" \"+ msg.payload.decode('utf-8'))\n\nclient = mqtt.Client()\nclient.on_connect = on_connect\nclient.on_message = on_message\nclient.connect(\"x.x.x.x\", 1883, 60)\n\nclient.loop_forever()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6b63\u78ba\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7684MQTT\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u53f0\u53ef\u4ee5\u9023\u7db2\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5305\u62ecPC\u3001\u6a39\u8393\u6d3e\u3001\u4ee5\u53caNodeMCU\u4e0a\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u50b3\u9001\u53ca\u63a5\u6536\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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